The advantages to this screening are that it does into greater symptom detail and reduces somatic confounds. Postpartum depression as profiled through the depression. Nov 18, 2008 providers should screen for ppd at a womans first postpartum followup visit and again at six weeks. To describe in greater depth the profiles of the dimensions of the postpartum depression screening scale pdss, with a focus on those women identified with postpartum depression ppd, and to provide a discussion of the implications for early detection in the community. Two of the assessments are available in spanish the cesd and epds. Mothers feared others perceptions that they were bad mothers and.
The purpose of this project was to ascertain the feasibility and usefulness of implementing ppd screening using the edinburgh postnatal depression scale epds4at the 2, 4, 6, 9 and 12month well. Validity of a 2question screen and the phq9 abstract purpose postpartum depression affects up to 22% of women who have recently given birth. Other tools, like the hamilton depression rating scale and the beck depression inventory, have not been validated in pregnant and postpartum populations. Postpartum depression screening scale buros online shop. Yawn bp, pace w, wollan pc, bertram s, kurland m, graham d, dietrich a. Depression in pregnancy can be underdiagnosed as a consequence of the symptoms being misattributed to normal pregnancy. Approximately 15% of women experience significant depression following childbirth. The postpartum depression screening scale pdss is a 35item selfreport questionnaire that assesses seven dimensions sleepingeating disturbances, anxietyinsecurity, emotional liability, cognitive impairment, loss of self, guiltshame, and contemplating harming oneself in postpartum women. We sought to develop a brief, convenient screening tool to identify depression in pregnant women in the community. Accuracy of depression screening tools for identifying. Postpartum depression screening scale pdss healthy.
Screening test feel like you might be suffering from perinatal depression. Postpartum depression and opinions on screening 9 2, patient health questionairre9 phq9, and the postpartum depression screening scale pdss. Screening for prenatal and postpartum depression valid screening tools are available. Postpartum depression occurs in 10% to 20% of women who have recently given birth, but fewer than half of cases are recognized. The purpose of this study was to further assess the construct validity of the newly designed postpartum depression screening scale pdss along with its sensitivity, specificity, and predictive values. Postpartum depression screening scale pdss is a selfreport scale with 35 items and 7 factors each factor has 5 items, scored with a 5point likert scale 15. Postpartum depression screening is recognized to be important for detection, feasible to carry out across locations, and useful in facilitating early diagnosis and treatment for women, dr. A comparison of the postpartum depression screening scale. Postpartum depression screening scale by san gurung on prezi. Massachusetts department of public health 2012 post partum depression screening tool grid vii scores of 59 on the phq9 variously categorized as watchful waiting and reevaluation vs. A measure of overall severity and seven specific symptoms. Postpartum depression screening looks for a number of specific elements regarding the development of ppd.
The postpartum adjustment questionnaire may be a valid predictor of postpartum depression, although. Complete an interactive quiz and share the results with your health care provider. Each item defines the mothers feelings after the birth of her baby. Combined use of the postpartum depression screening scale. Providers should screen for ppd at a womans first postpartum followup visit and again at six weeks. This postpartum depression scale can be very helpful as postpartum depression is a serious mental illness that affects up to 1in8 new mothers. They are all used in different screening settings by several types of professionals.
Postpartum depression screening scale pdss this 35 item selfreport designed specifically for postpartum use. Identifies women who are at high risk for postpartum depression so that they can be referred for definitive diagnosis and treatment. Although numerous studies have used wellaccepted generalized depression questionnaires such as the beck depression inventory and the center for epidemiological studies depression scale, 15 these instruments were not specifically designed to screen for postpartum depression. Although every woman is at risk, women with the following are at higher risk. Jun 26, 2008 depression in pregnancy can be underdiagnosed as a consequence of the symptoms being misattributed to normal pregnancy. And if untreated, it can adversely affect a mothers functioning as well as her infants development. The percentages are even higher for women who are also dealing with poverty, and can be twice as high for teen. All of these tools have different variations of questions, and each have positive and negative aspects. This is not intended to provide a diagnosis only trained health professionals should do this. Although postpartum depression is not uncommon among new mothers, it often goes undetected.
This 35item, selfreport instrument can be administered in just 5 to 10 minutes. Apr 04, 2020 postpartum depression is a clinical depressive episode that occurs in % to 20% of women after birth or miscarriage. Baby blues, which is marked by feelings of sadness, fatigue, anxiety, occurs shortly after birth and lasts for a few days to a couple of weeks. The edinburgh postnatal depression scale epds is a set of 10 screening questions that can indicate whether a parent has symptoms that are common in women with depression and anxiety during pregnancy and in the year following the birth of a child. Postpartum depression screening in a pediatric clinic setting.
The ppd screening tool was the pdss developed by beck and gable. This stage involves a panic attacks b obsessive thinking and c fogginess. Sagovsky, department of psychiatry, university of edinburgh please note. It is important to note that screening does not replace a diagnostic interview, but it can help to. Importance, methods, barriers, and recommendations for practice dwenda k. To purchase the actual test materials, you will need to contact the test publishers. Postpartum depression scale, postpartum depression screening.
The aims of the present study were to develop three shorter forms of the portuguese version of the postpartum depression screening scale pdss as adapted and translated in portugal, to analyse their psychometrics and to determine their cutoff points and associated conditional probabilities to screen for perinatal depression according to dsmiv. Postpartum depression improves with screening, followup. Antenatal depressive symptoms, a history of major depressive disorder, or. U sers may reproduce the scale without further permission providing they respect by quoting the names of the authors, the title and the source of the p. First and foremost, postpartum depression screening is used to help identify a set of initial depression symptoms in new mothers. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate antenatal depression screening employing two scales. There are several screening tools that have been developed to diagnose ppd. Postpartum depression scale, postpartum depression. The postpartum depression screening scale pdss was created specifically for postpartum women and is a 35item, selfreport questionnaire which about 5 to 10 minutes to complete.
Further validation of the postpartum depression screening scale. Postpartum depression as profiled through the depression scr. Postpartum depression is a lot more powerful and lasts longer. A systematic literature search was conducted for the period 19872009, using the medline electronic. The edinburgh postnatal depression scale epds was developed to assist primary care health professionals in detecting mothers suffering from postpartum depression ppd. The scope of this position statement is limited to screening for a specific disorder, major depression see the dsmiv. On each item of the scale a woman is asked to rate the situation that best describes her feel. Those specific to detect maternal depression in the peripartum or postpartum period include the edinburg postpartum depression scale epds, the postpartum depression screening scale pdss, and the pregnancy risk questionnaire prq. Postpartum depression screening scale pdss the pdss is a 35item selfreport instrument that can be administered in 510 minutes. Postpartum depression screening scale pdss healthy start. The epds is easy to administer and has proven to be an effective. Edinburgh postnatal depression scale 1 epds postpartum depression is the most common complication of childbearing. Postpartum depression screening in the neonatal intensive. According to beck 1993, women were hit suddenly and unexpectedly by the postpartum depression and they were blindsided by it.
They take approximately 5 to 10 minutes to complete. The postpartum depression screening scale pdss 62, 63 evolved from qualitative interviews to explore the maternal experience after childbirth. It is not available for free online and must be purchased. Short forms of the postpartum depression screening scale. A total sample of 150 mothers within 12 weeks postpartum participated in the study. The statements can be read to women who have difficulty reading. As you are having a baby, we would like to know how you are feeling. Postpartum depression screening postpartum depression resources. Postpartum depression is a clinical depressive episode that occurs in % to 20% of women after birth or miscarriage. It follows about 15 percent of births, in firsttime moms and those whove given birth before.
Content validity was supported through the literature and the judgments rendered by a panel of five content experts and a focus group. We sought to develop a brief, convenient screening tool to identify depression in pregnant women in the community setting. Here are some of the items that postpartum depression screening aims to identify. Article pdf available in archives of women s mental health 143. With the postpartum depression screening scale pdss, clinicians can identify mothers suffering from postpartum depression early and easily. Untreated maternal depression is associated with negative outcomes for children including behavioral problems, cognitive or developmental delays and impaired attachment. Postpartum depression is depressive symptoms that last 2 wk after delivery and that interfere with activities of daily living. There are currently no validated clinicianrated scales that assess for depression specifically during pregnancy. Postpartum depression screening at wellchild visits.
Edinburgh perinatalpostnatal depression scale epds for use between 28 32 weeks in all pregnancies and 6 8 weeks postpartum name. Screening for prenatal and postpartum depression wisconsin association for perinatal care mcconnell hall 1010 mound street madison, wisconsin 53715 6082676060 depression screening can improve health outcomes when combined with a system for treatment. Its important to be screened for postpartum depression any time mood disturbances are severe or last longer than two weeks after birth. This illness has potentially devastating consequences for both mother and. Postpartum major depression is a disorder that is often unrecognized and must be distinguished from baby blues. Postpartum depression is experienced by 1015% of women and carries risks to both mother and baby. Post partum depression fact sheet molina healthcare.
The postpartum depression screening scale pdss by cheryl. Postpartum depression screening scale in a collaborative. Postpartum depression gynecology and obstetrics merck. The aims of the present study were to develop three shorter forms of the portuguese version of the postpartum depression screening scale pdss as adapted and translated in portugal, to analyse their psychometrics and to determine their cutoff points and associated conditional probabilities to screen for perinatal depression according to dsmiv and icd10 criteria. Screening for prenatal and postpartum depression 2 hurtingor not being able to protectthe infant are particularly troubling to mothers. Screening for postpartum depression in military women with. Subanalysis of data from 150 new mothers who completed. Furthermore, the cultural characteristics of depressive postpartum symptomatology are examined. Postpartum depression screening postpartum depression. Exploring the postpartum adjustment questionnaire as a. The three selfassessment tools described in figure 1 are easy to use.
Overall, the postpartum adjustment questionnaire had a moderate correlation. Postpartum depression occurs in 10 to 15% of women after delivery. The percentages are even higher for women who are also dealing with. Apr 23, 2020 the ppd screening tool was the pdss developed by beck and gable. Used as a brief screening device, it identifies women who are at high risk for postpartum depression, so that health.